Twitter's IPO Conjures Shining City on the Hill

Bob Pisani and Scott Cutler at the NYSE.
This morning's initial public offering of Twitter's common stock was brilliant in that it allowed a level of transparency that was sorely missed when Facebook debuted in May 2012. CNBC reporter Bob Pisani (@BobPisani) was at the post alongside the New York Stock Exchange's Scott Cutler (@CutlerScott) to allow a level of public access to an event that has long been shrouded in mystery. "Ten million at 35," barked the designated market maker from the pit through every TV tuned in to this historic event as NYSE CEO Duncan Niederauer stood nearby Twitter CEO Dick Costolo (@dickc) so that the public was being informed alongside the investment community at the same time, which to me exemplifies what Twitter's all about.

I recall when events unfolded in Tahrir Square and later in Damascus as news organizations and citizens from around the world learned first-hand from eyewitness accounts via Twitter that this social media application had become a legitimate source for breaking news. It's ubiquitous, real-time dissemination of news quickly sparked conversations that led to actions and debates after being parsed through each individual medley of filters and follows. In my mind, it was then that Twitter became the tipping point of the information age by democratizing media and accelerating transparency faster than a bullet. From the starlet who "accidentally" uploads a nude selfie, to the frenzied rebels dragging their wounded to safety while under fire, the parameters of public access fell like the Berlin Wall leaving in its wake the question of not where, but will we ever draw the line again?

At the NYSE this morning, the public watched as Twitter's Costolo and Jack Dorsey walked among the ebullient crowd before positioning themselves on the floor below the dais of the opening bell where among the crew stood none other than Captain Jean-Luc Picard to lead this voyage into the next generation.

Cheryl Fiandaca, Vivienne Harr, Scott Cutler and Patrick Stewart ring opening bell at NYSE for Twitter.

Pencil Skirts

Bryant Park autumn breeze
quaff a half-dozen Long Island iced teas
among a swarm of honey bees
circling burgers smothered in cheese
and girls in pencil skirts above their knees
whose allergies to cats make them sneeze
while handling lobbyists with grace and ease
until happy hour's over and she flees.

Jennifer Aniston


Liz Cho and FDNY Calendar Model Mr. April

For those of you who have seen the movie Tombstone, you may remember the scene where Wyatt Earp, cornered and outnumbered, charges across the river and guns down his nemesis Curly Bill. After the gunfight, Doc Holiday is sitting by a tree when he's asked what he's doing out in the middle of nowhere when clearly he's not well, to which he replies, "Wyatt Earp's my friend."

Val Kilmer as Doc Holiday in Tombstone.
When I think of friendship, one of the ingredients I've come to know is a lack of jealousy at your friend's success, in fact, you're happy when they succeed. In some cases, you're even proud of them. These things have held true with regards to my friend Ralph, that is until the day he met Liz Cho. 

Through hard work and sacrifice, FF Ralph Ciccarelli made the coveted FDNY Calendar that benefits the FDNY Foundation and can be purchased here. The firefighters themselves end up devoting even more of their time to help raise awareness for the foundation through a well-executed public relations campaign. During one of these press junkets, FF Ciccarelli, aka Mr. April, appeared on WABC-TV in New York City with Liz Cho.

FDNY FF Ciccarelli, aka Mr. April, and ABC Anchor Liz Cho.
For anyone familiar with this blog (all three of you!), you know I've had a casual obsession with Liz Cho through the years, so when I saw the pic above, you can bet I turned as green as The Grinch. Luckily it didn't last and the jealousy I felt gave way to pride and I phoned my friend to find out more.

From his eyewitness account, Liz Cho is friendly, gracious and has a good sense of humor. I asked if she was as pretty in person as she appears on TV. Even prettier, I was told. Was she as thin as a rail like most TV personalities? She's in great shape, good definition in her shoulders and arms, she's no stranger to the gym.

And there you have it. Liz Cho is everything she appears to be and more. Of course if you thought it hard to get a glimpse of her before, I wouldn't try it now that the entire FDNY is watching her back.

Happy Birthday, RC! 


Stray Dog

I believe it was James Joyce who once said that he could detect his wife's fart in a room full of farts. To know someone intimately is inevitable when you live with them. So too is the case with dogs.

In the kitchen, coffee poured, dog barks. I heed. It's the urgent, guttural growl to warn off potential invaders, which usually amounts to no more than the delivery man or the occasional skunk. Oh good, my pitching wedge has arrived, I think. (Cut to the image of my former pitching wedge entangled in weeds below the murky water hazard of the golf course where I last played.)

I rush to the front door and see a car and a man who looks vaguely familiar walking up my driveway looking in my and my neighbor's yard. I retreat to the kitchen to cut off his angle when he sees me through the window and rather than explain, he retreats to his vehicle. No sooner my wife shouts, "There it is! There's the dog!"

I race outside with bare feet and pierce through the brambles dividing my driveway from my neighbor's lawn and I see a beautiful yellow lab pup looking a bit confused. It warily approaches as I gesture come here, already imagining the glory I will receive for reuniting it with its owner. It draws within a few feet and then darts through an opening in the bramble and down the road.

I give chase, bare feet on roughly paved street, ooh, ouch, ooh ouch! The dog looks like it's on ice skates compared to me as I struggle to keep it within my sight line. It crosses the street and heads to its home, I am too far behind to take credit, so I turn back. As I do, I see the car that was in my driveway only moments ago and I flag it down as if there's been an accident.

"Looking for your dog?" I said, "I just saw him go back to your house."

My neighbor looks at me, he's younger than I initially give him credit for and he shakes his head the way men do when they're at a loss for words, "What a pain in the ass. Thank you!" I raise my hand to signal all is well and then gingerly walk home as if across a bed of hot coals.

I remember when I was on a business trip in Cleveland and my phone rang during a meeting. I ignored it and then it rang again from the same line, so instinctively I got up and took the call thinking it was an urgent matter.

"Hi. I have your dog, Riley," the man said. I frantically ran through the likely scenarios before deciding that a request for ransom was to follow. "I'm at Grand Army Plaza," and then I hear other concerned voices in the background. The caller breaks away, "I don't know whose dog it is, I just called the number on his collar." I patiently await his return and then I hear a woman say, "There's a woman looking for her dog, she's on her way."

The caller returns to our conversation and says I think someone is coming to get him. I conclude that it's my wife and thank him for his help. He says he has to go as he borrowed the cell phone from a passerby.

My wife describes the scene later and I know it all too well. As was often the case in Prospect Park, dog owners would let their cooped up animals off leash to frolic and play and sometimes tussle with other dogs in the neighborhood before 9 a.m. each morning. Our dog would usually stay within a reasonable distance, but every so often he'd look to the horizon and then put his paw on the gas. The morning he ended up in Grand Army Plaza was the farthest he'd ever roamed. 

There was another time when my wife was unloading him from the car when he leaped over her arms and on to the busy Brooklyn street. She ran out of her sandals leaving the car open with her purse inside. She gave chase, but didn't have to go too far as the dog ran into the local pet food store where the owner subdued him with a treat. Once my wife had him on the leash, she walked back to find one person holding her shoes and another standing watch by our car. 

I wondered then as I wonder now what makes dogs want to stray from the perfectly comfortable and safe environments that we do our best to provide for them.  

As I walked my dog past my neighbor's house later that day, I saw the yellow lab pup pawing at the window of his beautiful home, gazing through it with wonder in its eyes.


My dog, Riley.

Confidence

Confidence is in short supply
even in the wink from a sure ally
Whether pulling a rabbit from a hole in hat
or pulling a tight sweater over a roll of fat
If you got it, you don't have to pretend
The outcome is certain, press play, hit send

Confidence is the antidote for anxiety
as often purchased throughout society
It is the bare leg of Angelina Jolie
and triple sevens, holy moly!
It is the steely gaze of a man who can't be beat
and the polished wingtips that adorn his feet

Confidence is a soaring note in an emotional song
and no need to apologize after it all went wrong
It is a trait we seldom possess
fragile as a liar under duress
It's something we all want to follow
to keep safe from regret that may find us tomorrow

To know the outcome before the event
To be sure of oneself, that's confident.

Angelina Jolie, Oscars 2012.


LP Into The Wild

Laura Pergolizzi, aka LP, has a smash hit, Into The Wild,  that seems to be on constant replay in my home courtesy of Citi's commercial that features a woman climbing up a steep and stony precipice before reaching its pinnacle. This image may well personify LP's career at the moment.

LP


I met LP around the time her second album, Suburban Sprawl and Alcohol, was released. She performed at my cousin's wedding, which was held on a perfectly manicured lawn of an old estate in Huntington, NY. It was a beautifully simple ceremony where she played her guitar and sang while the bride approached among rows of folding chairs with properly attired people like a scene from The Great Gatsby.
When the ceremony concluded, LP played the new couple and their guests off the lawn and in to the manor where a sushi station and well-provisioned bars were propped up in meandering, palatial rooms. It was at one of these bars where I introduced myself to LP as my uncle walked by with an accusatory glance.

LP
I think it was her suggestion to wander the estate and we did as children exploring something for the first time. We discovered the courtyard from a balcony under which a young couple was kissing and then we darted off down a corridor to the master bedroom, which was serving as the bridal suite. There was an open bottle of champagne and another one in reserve, so we helped ourselves. She produced her guitar that had been stored there earlier for safe-keeping and played me one of her songs. I was struck then as I am now with how easy and naturally music emanates from LP. She seems to possess the spirit of Edith Piaf, a songbird of another era. When she finished, she handed her guitar to me and I played her one of my originals, which she said she liked or at least that's how I choose to remember it.

Later, when they were packing up the bars and people were searching for the keys to their cars, I found LP sitting near my mother and my aunt and they asked her to play them a song as if it were a line from Piano Man. She obliged and played the cover song of her knew album, Suburban Sprawl and Alcohol. I had a deeper appreciation of the song having discovered that she and I went to the same high-school earlier in the evening. It was beautifully written and authentic and I was hooked.

When I lived in Park Slope, I would catch her when she and her band played at Southpaw or at Mercury Lounge in the East Village. Her shows were as terrific then as I imagine they are now with a more intimate crowd. During one of her performances, when she engaged the audience, I shouted out our high school name and the year she graduated, which I dare not speak (think Mets). She found me after the performance and asked me not to do that again.

Now I'm a dad living in the suburbs and I still listen to LP's albums on my commutes to and from the city. They're as relevant now as they were before and as timeless as the artist herself who seems to age like Dorian Gray. It's about time the world knows LP. As they say in showbiz, overnight success usually takes about 15 years. Well, dear, to the victor goes the spoils.

LP with girlfriend Tamzin Brown.

LP - Into The Wild (Live):


Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery, especially when the obligatory YouTube cover is from an American Idol contestant such as this one from Rebekah Devivo Ostro:



Hawaiian Surf Princess

Kauai, January 2008. Northbound Highway 56. Surf report on the radio.

Hawaiian Surf Princess

Malia Manuel

Point your board toward the next run
Waves rolling on Kaelia Beach 
where one long day runs free

Sea sun glisten off taught brown body and 
navy wet-suit top
and bright blue bikini bottom

Lakey Peterson
Shot like a bullet through a barrel
Rip the surf and fall like an angel 
To rise and ride again and then return to shore 
where I am paralyzed by your beauty

Throw your board atop a friend's car 
Pop the trunk and rinse your mocha hair
Its length, the only excess on your sleek frame

Malia Manuel

Breeze blows your ethereal mist in my face
as you peel your top off your taught back
Aloof calendar pose, 
"Was doing terrible before you showed up"

Board a bumblebee and scatter off  
Sunlight kisses your lips and strokes your hair
Heavenly statue in the parking lot of Kaelia Beach 

Lakey Peterson

The sea is your throne 
the fragrant air your kingdom
A gallon of fresh water, your coronation.

Kaelia Beach, Kauai

Mexican Mayor Maria Santos Gorrostieta Murdered

Across the border of the Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave, a woman who personified these beliefs was savagely beaten and murdered. Although her death made headlines around the world, the barbarous animals responsible for this crime will likely go unpunished.

Maria Santos Gorrostieta was a mother and wife who survived previous assassination attempts, one that took her first husband, before being abducted in daylight while dropping her daughter off at school. As mayor of the small town of Tiquicheo, Mexico she stood against the illegal drug trade and poverty that ravaged her people on behalf of the "men who break their souls everyday without rest to find a piece of bread for their children."
Thirty years after Nancy Reagan pleaded with Americans to "Just Say No," the many broken souls who find solace in artificial paradises will turn a blind eye to this slaughter as if it were part of the food trade, unavoidable, and the profiteers will get back to the business of delivering the medication to numb the guilt. The idea of justice will be left to comic book heroes and the guys wearing the white hats in westerns. 
After all what can we Americans do?

Can we saddle up the horses and ride until we hang every last one of those responsible before loping off into the sunset leaving the poor man we liberated to fill the void?

Can we attack the demand side of the equation by collectively saying no? Can we end addiction after seeing how insidiously it took the life of Whitney Houston and countless others?

Perhaps the most effective way is to eliminate cartel profits by legalizing drugs with the same wariness we applied to alcohol. It is estimated that American states that have legalized marijuana have siphoned billions from criminal enterprises across our border.

The answer may be all of the above. 

In the meantime, I will pray for Maria Santos Gorrostieta and her family and when the time comes for me to stand up for what's right, I will pray that I may find her strength.

Liz Cho Dating Josh Elliott


@LizCho7: Collecting shells
on Long Island
Liz Cho seems hellbent on turning the part-time, hyper-local gossipy-gops like Weird Long Beard (WLB) into full-time hackitty-hack snoops. 
Back in June, WLB reported that Liz Cho and her husband Evan Gottlieb were still married only to be scooped three months later by Page Six with this bombshell: "Anchor Liz Cho & hubby split: dating Josh Elliott?"

Curiously, the timing of her separation seems to coincide with her new hair-do, which I for one do not like. The bone-straight approach is not nearly as luxurious as the full-body quiff she used to don and seems to lose its fizzle in the evening broadcasts.

Unfortunately, if these rumors of Liz Cho and Josh Elliott do not fizzle, it proves that she is human and at 41 years-old not immune to the mid-life crisis we ordinary folks hold so dear ... but why Josh Elliott? 

Liz's new do

I did catch Josh Elliott over the summer on Good Afternoon America, but mainly due to his co-host and WLB fav, Lara Spencer. While I concede he possesses the criteria: tall, dark, handsome and on national TV, the only memorable flashes of personality (aside from Lara) during the GAA run were at the hands of guest-in-residence D.L. Hughley. But I digress ...

Lara did a masterful job of supporting Josh as a boy-next-door with a young daughter for the mommy demographic, so it was surprising to see him suddenly catapult himself into the most enviable bachelor in the tri-state area. I suppose work's an easy place to fall in love after all.  

Eyewitness News team.


Breaking Bad in Happy Valley

The much lauded AMC series Breaking Bad is mesmerising in its expert, intricately woven story directed beautifully through the finest detail. It's precise like a thematic chemical reaction that loans an air of authenticity rarely found on TV.

Among the myriad of human entanglements portrayed in Breaking Bad is the notion that someone wicked and evil can appear right before your nose without presenting a single clue. In this its final season, there is a scene where DEA agents Hank and his partner Steven are sharing a drink with their retiring boss, George Merkert, in his office when it becomes evident that George can't forgive himself for not recognizing who the druglord Gus Fring really was. He laments having invited him into his home and among his family when the camera deftly stops on Hank's face alluding to his brother-in-law Walt, who has been perpetrating the meth explosion Hank seems powerless to stop, chasing a mythical figure named Heisenberg.

The truth is sometimes stranger than fiction. As such, it is hard not to see a correlation between this show and the massive scandal that has shaken Penn State University to its very core. Although it would appear that Joe Paterno may have known more about his coach than initially suspected, it is clear that Jerry Sandusky's child molestation remained undetected for many years.

I had a chance to catch up with my high-school classmate, Gerald Filardi, over the weekend at our reunion and I asked him if there was any notion of this scandal while he starred there from 1994 to 1996 at linebacker. He shook his head with the same disbelief that we all did when the allegations of abuse were finally brought to light. This idea that evil could be right in front of our nose while we are completely unaware is deeply disturbing.

In the wake of the recent massacre in Aurora, Colo., I again find myself searching for answers. Were there any signs? Could we as a people have prevented this tragedy? How can we detect the next human time bomb before it detonates?

I don't think there are any definitive answers, but it is clear that the human personality has many facets and often the public facade we present is all there is to go by. Sometimes it is judged fairly, other times not so much. I am reminded of the line from the brilliant film Miller's Crossing where Tom Regan says, "No one knows anybody. Not that well"

The quest for answers could lead into a greater philosophical discussion about the journey of self and the struggle we all share to determine who we are and what our life is about, which may only deepen the mystery. Maybe ignorance is bliss ... until the next bomb goes off.

Sun Bleached and Beautiful

A summer shower falls oh so gently on the hood of my Jeep while I put off the day's errand and head to the beach where I'm greeted by the sun-washed jagged stones that stand guard over the Sound while the sailors, runners, bikers and fishermen weave in and out.

Tod's Point, Greenwich, CT

I pause along route, too lazy to fiddle with the automatic windows, and amble to a nearby bench facing the island of Manhattan. A fisherman jabbers that the fluke are small, but it looks like a meal to me. The doldrums have set upon the sailing school so that the women lay across the bows of the dead ships paddling wistfully while others hop overboard to cool off or perhaps answer a desperate nature call.

Two runners approach as if they popped out of a hi-def screen airing the Olympics from London. They are tall and lean wearing hardly anything. I follow the long-legged woman for a bit until I feel useless and out of shape, so I hop back in the Jeep and spin around the Point at a cruising speed of 15 mph, letting the cyclists race past as I glide into a spot by the beach. A few dedicated goers shuffle through the sand while others get their laps in, no doubt competing against the great Michael Phelps in their minds while they battle the wakes from the yachts that drunkenly drift about without a care in the world.

Local Baywatch

The lifeguard stands are abandoned, while those on the town payroll sip coffee and stare at the horizon. Then I see the unmistakable red swimsuit and a perfectly tanned beauty brush her sun-kissed hair from her face while she listens intently to her handsome counterpart as they traipse barefoot over the tarmac which would be too hot to do on a busy day.

The smell of the sea is in my nostrils and I look forward to rendezvousing with the clam-lady at the farmer's market in a few hours where I will buy a dozen to throw on the grill, careful not to blow out my flip flop ala Jimmy Buffett and feeling rejuvenated, sun-bleached and beautiful like an ethereal horizon.

New York City view from Tod's Point, Greenwich, CT

It Appears Liz Cho Is Still Married

Looking at the recent queries that lead to this blog, there is still a great deal of wonder about the marital status of WABC-TV Channel 7 Eyewitness News' anchor Liz Cho. Admittedly, I have fanned the flames with a gonzo-style report that she may be in love with her co-anchor Bill Ritter, but people, that was four years ago!

Of course I still watch Liz Cho and like the rest of you I am still intrigued by this notion that she does not wear her wedding band or engagement ring on her left ring finger during the broadcast. I seem to recall her flashing a rather ornate diamond once upon a time. Maybe there is a trade secret as to why news anchors don't wear their rings, but her colleague Lee Goldberg always seems to wear his.

Intrepid blogger that I am, I took to search and found a recent article in the New York Post that not only reports that Liz Cho is still married to Evan Gottlieb, but that the two are involved in a "nasty legal battle" over renovations they had done to their Westchester mansion.

Really, Liz, couldn't you have gotten 7 On Your Side after them? I mean Nina Pineda would just get a door slammed in her face, but you know Tappy Phillips. Couldn't you lure her out of retirement for old-times' sake? She'd get to the bottom of it. And maybe she could figure out what happened to your ring, too.

Margaret Brennan No Longer InBusiness

I was caught by surprise last Friday when I read Margaret Brennan's farewell to the NYSE and her show on twitter. I had been a loyal follower of InBusiness since she left CNBC's retail beat to join BloombergTV in 2009.

It seemed as though the show was doing well. She moved from the studio to the floor of the Exchange and her image appeared on posters in Metro North rail cars and banners strewn across city buses.

According to TVNewser, Andrew Morse, head of U.S. TV for Bloomberg, said the changes are a continuation of Bloomberg’s “evolution into a digital, multi-platform news organization.” 

I suppose it only fair that in this age of disintermediation that a change to a daily TV program be reported on twitter. No indication as to where Brennan will land, but I can't imagine a bright journalist like her will be sidelined for long. 

And so it would appear that the glittering money-honey path away from CNBC may not be golden after all, e.g., does anybody tune into Erin Burnett's program on CNN?
  

Brooklyn Pizza Odyssey

Sing in me, Muse, and through me tell the story of that man skilled in all ways of devouring pizza. Toppings or none, any pie spread before him, soon to be done.

Grimaldi's Pizzeria, Brooklyn

The journey begins across the Brooklyn Bridge with the steely eye of John Augustus Roebling cast upon ye merry band of travelers as ancient souls swim among the caissons still searching for the allusive bedrock never found.

Cameron Diaz

Under the bridge downtown lies Grimaldi's whose line stretches out like the famous suspension bridge and whose savory mozzarella and thin crust beckons like the sirens' song along the block where the beautiful Cameron Diaz once traipsed with the solemnity of Penelope herself. You sit and order a pie hot out of the coal brick oven and you're filled with a sense of promise and good cheer.

Dom DeMarco of Di Fara

From there, the wind blows out to Midwood and Di Fara, where another crowd gathers as the old man painstakingly puts together his pies grabbing basil from a pot on the windowsill and drenching his masterpiece in olive oil pressed in the old country. Check to make sure the shop is not closed due to health code violations, which from time-to-time will happen as a matter of bureaucracy and nothing more. Dom DeMarco is as much a part of the pie as any ingredient and nothing sits in that shop long enough to pose a health risk. One bite and you'll be transported, dazed at the thought you may never have tasted pizza until that moment.

L&B Spumoni Gardens, Brooklyn

Set sail again upon the unpredictable waters of the Gowanus to L&B Spumoni Gardens in Bensonhurst, where you want two squares, preferably the corner pieces. The sweet crust and delicious sauce and sublime cheese will remind you of all of the monumental moments you have amassed in your life. They will flash before you in the comfort of the outdoor space and relaxed neighborhood and for a moment, you are a kid again. Afterward, indulge in a spumoni or a lemon ice to cleanse the palate and cool down. Check your watch, if there's time, a quick shot to Coney Island and a ride on the Cyclone might be in order, but as the sun sets your path circles back toward to its point of origin.

Mark Iacano of Lucali

Lucali
in Carroll Gardens only opens for dinner and it's always mobbed, pun intended. This pies de resistance will conjure memories of the earlier pies and seemingly fix what ails you. It's stunning simplicity and craftsmanship achieve perfection. Weather permitting, a stroll along the nearby Brooklyn Heights Promenade is highly recommended before returning across the bridge where the evening or a much deserved nap awaits.

There are organized bus tours of Brooklyn pizza, but true pizza lovers must set out on their own and experience it at their pace. While the journey is not for the faint of heart, the reward is divine.

On this pale fear seized every one; they were so frightened that their arms dropped from their hands and fell upon the ground at the sound of the goddess's voice, and they fled back to the city for their lives.

Map of the Brooklyn Pizza Odyssey

One Take

Leap year into forgotten wonder bra commercial 
where a young lass’s hair ain’t all that bounces like a quarter 
off a sticky bar or the driving rain off the hood of a car port 
in a quaint New England town overlooking Long Island Sound 
and the spawn of a million oysters to end up as empty shells on tables amid fables of barroom romances from a century ago and actors like Grant and Gable who were able to say more with a wink than a good long Plato think on the underprivileged and lack of clean drinking water or vapor in the form of Vader and the force that pulls us all in some precarious direction or perhaps to the top of the masthead in a magazine or a vessel of blood drop oozing from the corner of a wolf’s mouth somewhere in the deep south of Jack London’s mind behind the steaming carcass of progress and inevitable debt and dirty diapers that the earth brings to the unsuspecting moms who accept the challenge in return for fading beauty and eternal memory of all to be accomplished and soon to be forgotten until the next spin of the dice thrice more behind 
the creaking door where Poe did urinate his poetry on solemnity or crancousity or some other absurd word never heard before I wrote this post so that most could turn a blind eye and rattle the center stone within Nathaniel Hawthorne or woebegone internet porn and teenagers broadcasting their boredom to anyone who will listen or write some trite nonfiction of catastrophe and blasphemy while grabbing their balls and spitting in the ocean to be devoured by the oyster before it is devoured in the eternal circle of life and death and backwoods crystal meth to promote sleepless anxiety 
for pharmacies to tackle like a crooked quarterback sweating steroids from his eyeballs to the glory of a million more who will wake up sore and check the score of the price of wheat 
before they beat their feet to the drum of another day whose outcome lay amid the fray of a medieval hangman’s noose.